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--- howto:merge-video [2024/02/27 03:32] – Wuff
+++ howto:merge-video [2025/12/07 03:54] (current) – Wuff
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Merge/Combine/Join Video ======
+GUI tool for mkv files. Older version is in default debian/ubuntu repositories, but latest can be installed in Mint 22 Wilma using the following, afterwards associate mkv files with mktoolnix:
+<code>
+sudo wget -O /etc/apt/keyrings/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg https://mkvtoolnix.download/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg
+cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mkvtoolnix.list
+deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg] https://mkvtoolnix.download/linuxmint/ wilma main
+deb-src [arch=amd64 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg] https://mkvtoolnix.download/linuxmint/ wilma main
+EOF
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt install mkvtoolnix mkvtoolnix-gui
+</code>
+{{.:pasted:20250823-213148.png}}
 MPG/MPEG files:
@@ Line 80: / Line 94: @@
 output="$filename.mergedprogress.$container"
-sort -n -o $TMPFILE"_sort" $TMPFILE
+sort -V -o $TMPFILE"_sort" $TMPFILE
 echo "The following files will be merged in this order:"
@@ Line 92: / Line 106: @@
     actualheight=$(ffprobe -v error -select_streams v -show_entries stream=height -of csv=p=0:s=x "$output")
     #output2="${output%.*}."$actualheight"p.$container"
-    output2="${output//.mergedprogress./.$actualheight""p.merged}"
+    output2="${output//.mergedprogress./.$actualheight""p.merged.}"
     mv "$output" "$output2"
     echo "Output file: $output2"
@@ Line 119: / Line 133: @@
 Terminal=true
 </code>
+alternative merge script with chapters, inspired by https://gist.github.com/bdurrow/b51470869dd72b2333407dbfcb947801 has some issues with single quotes in filenames or paths.
+<code bash video_mergechapters.sh>
+#!/bin/bash
+#http://redsymbol.net/articles/unofficial-bash-strict-mode/
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS=$'\n\t'
+cd "$1"
+echo "$1"
+## Script to merge all mp4 videos in current directory (recursively 2 levels)
+## And update chapter marks to retain the folder/filename
+## Script for merging videos
+temp_dir=$(mktemp -d)
+function finish {
+  rc=$?
+  if [[ $rc != 0 ]]; then
+    echo
+    echo "FAILED!"
+  fi
+  echo -n "Cleaning up "
+  rm -rf "${temp_dir}"
+  echo "..........[ DONE ]"
+  exit $rc
+}
+trap finish SIGHUP EXIT
+current_dir=$(pwd)
+bname=$(basename ${current_dir})
+final_mp4=${bname}.mp4
+input_list=${temp_dir}/${bname}-input_list.txt
+file_list=${temp_dir}/${bname}-file_list
+meta_file=${temp_dir}/${bname}-metadata.txt
+#Hopefully this will work for either BSD or GNU sed
+extended_match="-r"
+echo "" | sed ${extended_match} 's|foo|bar|' 2>/dev/null || extended_match="-E"
+if [ -e "${final_mp4}" ]; then
+    echo "${final_mp4} already exists, please remove it."
+    echo;read -rsn1 -p "Press any key to continue . . .";echo
+    exit 1
+fi
+echo -n "Generating file lists "
+find . -maxdepth 2 -type f -iname '*.mp4' | sort -V |
+    sed -e 's|^./||' | sed -e "s|'|'\"'\"'|" |
+    tee "${file_list}" |
+    awk "{printf \"file '${current_dir}/%s'\n\", \$0}" > "${input_list}"
+echo "..........[ DONE ]"
+cat "${input_list}"
+echo;read -rsn1 -p "Press any key to continue . . .";echo
+## chapter marks
+#Do this first so we fail early
+#TODO: Test (‘=’, ‘;’, ‘#’, ‘\’) are escaped
+ts=0
+echo -n "Generating chapter marks "
+ffmpeg -i "$(head -1 "${file_list}")" -f ffmetadata "${meta_file}" -v quiet
+cat "${file_list}" | while read file
+do
+    ds=$(ffprobe -v quiet -of csv=p=0 -show_entries format=duration "${file}")
+    # echo "$ds"
+    escaped_title=$(echo ${file} | sed ${extended_match} -e 's|([=;#\])|\\\1|g' -e 's|.[Mm][Pp]4$||' )
+    echo "[CHAPTER]" >> "${meta_file}"
+    echo "TIMEBASE=1/1" >> "${meta_file}"
+    echo "START=${ts}" >> "${meta_file}"
+    ts=$(awk "BEGIN {print ${ts}+${ds}; exit}")
+    echo "END=${ts}" >> "${meta_file}"
+    echo "TITLE=${escaped_title}" >> "${meta_file}"
+done
+echo "..........[ DONE ]"
+echo -n "Merging the files "
+ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i "${input_list}" -i "${meta_file}" -map_metadata 1 -codec copy "${final_mp4}" -v quiet
+echo "..........[ DONE ]"
+echo "Job Completed."
+echo;read -rsn1 -p "Press any key to continue . . .";echo
+</code>
+Notes re subtitles:
+note: mp4 format does not support ass or srt subtitles, but mov_text subtitles. ffmpeg can convert them. formatting from ass subtitles will be lost.
+Embed srt subtitle file into mp4 as additional user-controllable track:
+<code>ffmpeg -i infile.mp4 -i infile.srt -c copy -c:s mov_text outfile.mp4</code>
+set metadata of first subtitle stream to english:
+<code>ffmpeg -i infile.mp4 -i infile.srt -c copy -c:s mov_text -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng outfile.mp4
+ffmpeg -i infile.mp4 -i infile.ass -c copy -c:s mov_text -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng outfile.mp4
+</code>
+extract subtitle from video:
+<code>ffmpeg -i Movie.mkv -map 0:s:0 subs.srt</code>
+Multiple subs require mapping, otherwise first sub will be overwritten
+First add another input: -i input2.srt. Second, map that as 2nd stream: -map 2:0. Finally, select encoder for 2nd subtitle stream (the same as the first one): -c:s srt. The complete example\ <code>ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -f srt -i input.srt -i input2.srt -map 0:0 -map 0:1 -map 1:0 -map 2:0 -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s srt -c:s srt output.mkv </code>
+convert srt to ass or ass to srt:
+<code>ffmpeg -i input.srt input.ass
+ffmpeg -i input.ass input.srt
+</code>
+Remove audio from a video file:
+<code>
+ffmpeg -i input_file -c copy -an output_file
+# remove all but a specific language audio streams
+ffmpeg -i input_file -map 0 -map -0:a -map 0:a:m:language:fre -c copy output_file
+# loop to remove all but turkish audio streams:
+for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -hide_banner -i "$f" -map 0 -map -0:a -map 0:a:m:language:tur -c copy "${f%.*}.tur.mkv"; done
+</code>